Can titanium be hardened like steel?
The hardness of pure titanium is not as good as that of steel, but the hardness of some titanium alloys can be comparable to that of high-strength steel, or even exceed that of steel.
Steel is a general term for iron-carbon alloys with a carbon content between 0.02% and 2.11% by mass. Titanium has a metallic luster and is malleable. The density is 4.5 grams/cubic centimeter. Melting point 1660±10℃. Boiling point 3287℃. Valences +2, +3 and +4. The ionization energy is 6.82 electron volts. But the specific strength is at the top of the metal.
According to the chemical composition, it is divided into carbon steel. Carbon steel refers to iron-carbon alloys that contain a small amount of manganese, silicon, sulfur, phosphorus and other elements in addition to iron and carbon. : Low carbon steel, medium carbon steel, high carbon steel. High carbon steel is generally used in the military industry and industrial medical industry. In order to improve the performance of steel, alloy steel is made by adding some alloying elements on the basis of smelting carbon steel.
Steel is often divided into: martensitic steel, ferritic steel, austenitic steel, austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steel and precipitation hardening stainless steel according to the structure state. In addition, it can be divided into: chromium stainless steel, chromium-nickel stainless steel and chromium-manganese-nitrogen stainless steel according to the composition. There are also special stainless steels for pressure vessels "GB24511_2009_ Stainless Steel Plates and Strips for Pressure Equipment". The specific gravity of stainless steel is 7.98, and the melting point is between 1370 °C and 1398 °C. It has strong corrosion resistance and will never be blackened or discolored after polishing. The main components are Mn, Cr, Ni, Mo, and there is no titanium at all. Titanium (Ti) is a silver-gray metal with a specific gravity of 4.5 and a melting point of 1668°C. Titanium is a very special metal. It is very light in texture, yet very tough and corrosion-resistant. It will not turn black like silver, and it will maintain its own color for life at room temperature. The material is not titanium, it is 316L stainless steel, which is called titanium steel for attractiveness, and some are even called titanium alloy jewelry, which is actually stainless steel jewelry without titanium. Titanium steel has good corrosion resistance and bright appearance. It is a special steel that does not damage the human body. Its model is 316L. It has the same luster and texture as titanium, and its strength and corrosion resistance are only slightly worse than titanium alloys. There is no titanium in its composition, so it is cheap and high quality.
Stainless steel is much cheaper. The uses are also wider. Why stainless steel is not easy to rust is related to adding more than 12.5% chromium to steel. In the oxidative corruption and non-corrosive medium, chromium can quickly form a dense passivation film on the steel surface to prevent the metal matrix from being damaged. When the chromium content is above 12.5%, a dense and stable passivation film is formed, the anti-rust performance undergoes a leap-forward consolidation, and the rust resistance is greatly enhanced. This is why the chromium content in stainless steel should be 12%. the reasons above.
Grade 5 Titanium Forging is commonly known as pure titanium and titanium alloys. Its hard texture and light weight resist erosion. In general, titanium is mainly used in the engineering and aerospace industries. Pure titanium and titanium alloys are also only recently used for jewelry and their popularity is on the rise.
Titanium was discovered at the end of the 18th century. In 1791, British chemist W. Gregor (Gregor) discovered an unknown new element in minerals. In 1795, German chemist M.H. Klaproth discovered this element while studying rutile (TiO2). He named it after the son of Titan in Greek mythology. for titanium). In ancient Greece, "Titan Spirit" was synonymous with bravery, and the name titanium was used to express the natural strength of titanium.
Titanium alloys are widely used in the medical field. Titanium has stable chemical properties and excellent biocompatibility. In the human body, it can resist the corrosion of secretions and is non-toxic. It is suitable for any sterilization method. Because hotel titanium products have the characteristics of corrosion resistance and high stability, when the material comes into contact with it, there will be no chemical reaction.
1. Titanium has stable chemical properties and excellent biocompatibility. In the human body, it can resist the corrosion of secretions and is non-toxic. It is suitable for any sterilization method. Because of the high corrosion resistance and stability of titanium, when the substance comes into contact with it, there will be no chemical reaction. It is the only metal that has no effect on human autonomic nerves and taste, and will definitely not cause allergies. Titanium has unique uses in medicine. At the site of the bone injury, it is fixed with titanium sheets and titanium screws. After a few months, the bone will grow on the titanium sheets and in the threads of the screws. The new muscle is wrapped on the titanium sheet, which can exist in the human body for a long time without rejection, so people call it "biophilic metal". Wearing it on the body is like contact with your own skin. Blessed are friends who are allergic to metals.
2. Titanium, like its name, is a heroic metal, bright silver, light and firm. It has excellent corrosion resistance to most chemical media. In chemistry, the well-known strong corrosive "aqua regia" can devour silver and gold, and even erode the so-called "stainless" stainless steel, turning it into mottled rust and beyond recognition. . However, "aqua regia" has nothing to do with titanium. Titanium gold that has been soaked in "aqua regia" for several years is still shiny and radiant! High strength can be maintained over a wide temperature range of 253°C to 500°C. Therefore, the metal products made of titanium material will not be deformed, will not fade, and are easy to maintain. You only need to wipe it with a cotton cloth to restore the luster, and the longer the use time, the better the color.
3. Pure titanium is non-magnetic, has extremely low high temperature resistance and thermal conductivity, and pure titanium is in a semi-blocking state under X-rays, and it will not produce metal artifacts during MRI inspections.
4. The weight of pure titanium material is lighter. At the same volume, it is only 60% of iron; 50% of copper; 40% of silver; 25% of gold.
5. Titanium is widely distributed in the human body. The content of normal human body is not more than 15mg per 70kg body weight, and its role is not yet clear. But titanium can stimulate phagocytic cells and enhance immunity. This effect has been confirmed. It is widely used in the fields of medicine and sports. Titanium can stimulate phagocytic cells, and titanium has the ability to regulate the body's natural current through cell ionization, which will have beneficial physiological effects on the human body and its chemical stability will not change or deteriorate over time, which is beneficial to human physical and mental health. Therefore, the use of titanium products can achieve the effects of mental relaxation, muscle relaxation, and improved motor function, and stimulate blood flow. Controls electrical disturbances in the body. It has a significant effect on short-term pain relief of bursitis, sciatica, headache and other types of arthritis and premenstrual syndrome. It can relieve muscle pain and stiffness by regulating body current, and improve blood circulation.
6. Because of its high strength, high metal elasticity and poor ductility, titanium gold has high processing technology requirements. It is difficult to cast and form it with ordinary equipment, and it is difficult to weld it with ordinary tools, and it cannot be changed with ordinary equipment. The shape is very easy to break in complex processing, so it is difficult to form a production scale. Therefore, it is difficult to see the traces of real pure titanium jewelry in the jewelry market at home and abroad.
Due to the above characteristics of titanium, its unique silver-gray tone has a good performance in high polishing, mercerizing and matt. It is the most suitable metal to embody the essence of jewelry alongside precious metals platinum and gold. It has been used in modern foreign jewelry design. Begin to use, it is a very unique and novel jewelry material in the world. Because of its unique metal properties, healthy metal properties, and very good jewelry implication, it is highly respected by young white-collar workers and fashionistas.
